October 2020 - High Point FCU

Take Your First Steps Before They Take Theirs: Financial Planning For The New Parent

The first few days after you bring your baby home is an exciting time that can also be a bit stressful. So can the first few weeks. Many parents also find the first few months stressful, while others are stressed over their parental commitments a while longer. It’s easy to get caught up in sleepless nights, and reading every book you can find, but sometimes parents forget an obvious priority: teaching and helping your child to save money as they grow up. Here are some ways you can begin financial planning as a new parent.

Set up a savings account for your child and make regular deposits

You don’t have to know what you want to do with your child’s savings yet. However, the first step in financial planning is as simple as opening a savings account for your child. Studies show that young adults who had savings accounts as children make better financial decisions, are more prepared for financial emergencies and plan better than their peers who didn’t grow up with savings accounts. So, for now, open a savings account, put a few dollars into it every paycheck and invite your child to participate by making deposits of their own when he or she is old enough. Olean Area Federal Credit Union offers a youth savings account that has no monthly service charges and allows you to earn dividends when you have $5 or more in your account, and we have educational resources so your child can learn to be smart with their money. You can find out more by clicking here.

Start saving for college now

Most parents know they need to save for their child’s college education, but few seem to realize how much college will cost. Education costs have been rising much faster than inflation, and if you’ve been out of school for a few years, you might be shocked by the costs. To make matters worse, and more expensive, many universities are receiving fewer public dollars, and getting a larger portion of their income from tuition, thus passing the cost on to students.

Focus on what you can control

If you’ve been a parent for more than a few minutes, you’ve had at least one moment of pure panic while thinking about the future. Perhaps, on one of the few nights your baby allows you to sleep, you decided to keep yourself up by listing every terrible thing that could happen to you, your partner or your child. There’s so much you can’t control, of course, so place your focus on the things you can control.

One mistake many new parents make while financial planning is to immediately start throwing money at college savings while ignoring their overall financial picture. Start by building a nest egg that can carry you through six to nine months of lean time, and then build your retirement fund. Money market accounts are a good way to build your short-term nest egg, because you can access your money if you need it, while getting a better return than traditional savings.

As for retirement, you may not have given it much thought since your initial conversation with HR. Now is the time to see what else you need. Remember, you can take a loan to pay for college, but you can’t get a loan to retire. Even if you want to put college money away now, you can still get tax incentives if you contribute to your retirement at the same time. Call (716) 372-6607, click here, or stop by Olean Area FCU if you want some help figuring out what’s right for you.

The Complete Guide to IRA Products and Their Recent Changes

Q: How do I choose the Individual Retirement Account (IRA) that’s right for me? What do I need to know about recent changes made to these IRA products?

A: There are important distinctions between each type of IRA. There have also been several changes made to the structure of IRAs with the passing of the Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement (SECURE) Act in December 2019 and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act in March 2020.

This guide can help you choose the retirement account that suits your needs.

PLEASE NOTE: Traditional and Roth IRAs are available to members of Olean Area Federal Credit Union, while SEP and SIMPLE IRAs are strictly employer run IRA products.

Traditional IRA

Traditional IRAs offer tax-free contributions, which may also be tax-deductible. Investment earnings aren’t taxed, and there are no income limits for contributors; however, all withdrawals made during retirement will be taxed. Explore our Traditional IRA rates by clicking here.

Roth IRA

Roth IRAs feature taxed contributions and growth with tax-free withdrawals at retirement as long as they are age 59 1/2 or older and have had the account for 5 years or longer.

There is no age limit for contributions, though there are income and contribution limits for eligible contributors.

There are several other withdrawals that may qualify as tax exempt. Please click here to ask a member service representative for more information.

SEP IRA

Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) IRAs are workplace retirement funds with contributions made by the employer. Contributions are subject to a cap. Earnings grow tax-free. The annual contribution limits are generous, but subject to fluctuation along with the business’s cash flow. Also, there are no catch-up contributions allowed for workers aged 50 and over.

Up until the passing of the SECURE Act, the limit for SEP IRAs was capped at 25% of an employee’s salary or up to $56,000, whichever is less. That limit has been increased to $57,000.

SIMPLE IRA

Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees (SIMPLE) IRAs are workplace retirement accounts that allow both employees and employers to make contributions.

With the passing of the SECURE Act, the contribution limit for SIMPLE IRAs increased from $13,000 to $13,500, with a catch-up limit of $3,000.

SECURE Act changes to retirement accounts

RMD changes: Up until the passing of the SECURE Act, holders of IRAs were not allowed to make contributions and were obligated to begin taking Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) when they reached age 70 ½. Now, the age for RMDs has increased to 72. Also, IRA holders can now continue making contributions indefinitely, as long as they can demonstrate earned income.

Changes for workplace retirement plans: Part-time employees who work at least 500 hours in three consecutive years and meet the age requirements can now participate in employer retirement plans. This change takes effect in January 2021. Also, small businesses can now team up with other organizations when opening an employer retirement plan.

Changes for inherited IRAs: Non-spousal inheritors of IRAs must now empty the account within 10 years.

CARES Act changes to retirement accounts

Changes for RMDs: The CARES Act waived all RMD requirements for IRA products for the year 2020.

Special allowances for coronavirus-related withdrawals: The CARES Act provides for expanded distribution options and favorable tax treatment for up to $100,000 of qualified coronavirus-related distributions.

If you have questions about your existing IRA or want information about a new IRA, please click here.

5 Ways to Trim Your Fixed Expenses

When trying to trim a monthly budget, most people don’t even consider their fixed expenses; however, with just a bit of effort and research, most of these costs can be reduced.

1. Consider a refinance

Trim your mortgage payments by refinancing at a lower interest rate. It will cost a bit, but in some situations you can roll closing costs and other fees into your refinance loan. Plus, the money you save each month should more than offset these costs. A refinance is especially smart in a falling-rates environment or if your credit score has improved a lot.

2. Lower your property taxes

Taxes are inevitable, but you may be able to lower your property taxes by challenging your town’s assessment. Each town will have its own guidelines to follow for this process, but ultimately, you will agree to have your home reappraised for proving that its value is less than the town’s assessment. This move can drastically lower your property tax bill; however, if you have made improvements to your home, it may be appraised at a higher value, which could raise your taxes.

3. Change your auto insurance policy

If you’ve had the same insurance policy for several years, speak to a company representative about lowering your premiums. By highlighting your loyalty and excellent driving record, you may be able to get a lower quote. If your insurance company is not willing to work with you, it might be time to shop around.

4. Consolidate debt

If you have multiple credit cards with outstanding balances, consider a balance transfer. This entails opening a new, no-interest credit card and transferring all debt to it. The no-interest period generally lasts up to 18 months. You will now have just one debt payment to make each month. Plus, the no-interest feature means you can make a serious dent in paying down that debt without half of your payment going toward interest.

Another way to consolidate debt is to take out a personal loan at High Point Federal Credit Union. Our personal loans will allow you to pay off all of your credit card debt at once. You’ll only need to make a single, affordable monthly payment until your loan is paid off. Explore our current rates here.

5. Cut out subscriptions you don’t need

Take some time to review your monthly subscriptions to weed out those you don’t really need.

If you’re paying for a gym membership, consider just paying for classes you attend instead of the full membership, or springing for your favorite workout machine to use at home. Drop your cable service or downgrade to a cheaper plan by cutting out expensive channels you don’t watch often. Also, you might be paying for premium versions of apps you don’t need. Dropping these costs can give you more wiggle room in your monthly budget.

How to Create a Budget in 6 Easy Steps

If you’re always wondering how you’re going to pay the next bill, feel guilty when you indulge in overpriced treats and you just can’t find money to put into savings, you might need to create a budget.

A budget will help you gain financial awareness, which will help facilitate more responsible decisions.

Here are 6 easy steps to create a budget:

Step 1: Gather your financial information

Collect all your financial documents and receipts for three consecutive months. This includes all account statements, bills, pay stubs, receipts and more.

Step 2: Tally up your totals

Divide your documents into expenses and income. Then, list the corresponding numbers on a spreadsheet. As you work through these lists, include occasional and seasonal expenses, dividing their totals by 12 to spread them evenly throughout the year.

When you have your numbers, take a look at how they match up. If your expenses outweigh your income, trim your spending and/or look for ways to boost income.

Step 3: List all your needs

Take a look at how you’ve spent your money in the recorded time and identify all the actual needs. This includes fixed expenses like mortgage/rent payments, savings, insurance premiums and car payments; as well as fluctuating but necessary expenses, like groceries. To keep it simpler, list your fixed expenses first, followed by your non-fixed expenses.

As you list each need, write down its corresponding cost. When you’ve finished creating this list, add up the total.

Step 4: List your wants

Your next step is listing the stuff you love but can really live without. Include entertainment costs here, as well as eating out and expensive hobbies.

Here too, jot down the monthly cost of each item and tally up the total when you’re done.

Step 5: Assign dollar amounts to expenses

Open up a new spreadsheet, and copy your list of expenses, starting with the fixed-cost needs, then your non-fixed-cost needs, and finally your wants.

Next, assign a specific dollar amount to each expense category. If your budget allows, you can use the average amount you’ve spent in each category for the last three months to set the cap for that expense.

Continue until every dollar is accounted for and you have enough money in your budget to cover each need, want and occasional expense. If expenses outweigh income, you’ll need to trim some expenses for your budget to work.

Going forward, be sure to spend only the assigned amounts for each expense category.

Step 6: Review and adjust as necessary

Review your budget monthly to see if you’re staying on track. If you consistently overspend in a category, spend less in a different area so you have more money available to meet your needs.

The Importance of being Financially Fit

Being financially fit is crucial for a well-balanced, stress-free life. Here’s why (and how):

Expand your financial knowledge

A financially fit person is constantly broadening their money knowledge. They read personal finance books and blogs, attend seminars and are aware of the evolving state of the economy. This enables them to make money decisions from a position of knowledge and power.

Stick to a budget

A financially healthy person knows that tracking monthly expenses is key to financial health. They are careful to set aside money from their monthly income for all fixed and discretionary expenses, and to stay within budget for each spending category.

Minimize debt

A financially fit person is committed to paying down debts and seeks to live debt-free. Constant budgeting, ongoing financial education and planning ahead enables them to make it through the month, and through unexpected expenses, without spiraling into debt.

Maximize savings

A financially healthy person prioritizes savings. This allows them to think ahead and build a comfortable nest egg or emergency fund. In turn, having a robust safety net means sleeping better at night knowing there’s money available to cover unexpected expenses.

Maintain complete awareness of the state of your finances

A financially fit person knows exactly how much money they owe, the accumulated value of their assets and the complete sum of their fixed and fluctuating expenses. This awareness takes the stress out of money management, allowing them to make better financial choices.

Maintain a healthy credit score

A financially fit person knows that an excellent credit history and score are crucial factors to long-term financial health. They are careful to pay bills on time, hold onto credit cards for a while and to keep credit utilization low. This helps them qualify for long-term loans with favorable interest rates, which saves them money for years to come.

Create concrete financial goals

A financially healthy person has long-term and short-term financial goals. This enables them to keep their focus on the big picture when making everyday money choices and empowers them to realize their financial dreams.

Achieve financial independence

A financially fit person is independent. By sticking to a budget, prioritizing savings and maintaining an awareness of their finances, they are strong, secure and completely independent.